GALCIT Colloquium

In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) is crucial for space missions, involving the conversion of local resources into essential materials, especially propellants, reducing Earth transportation costs and risks. Often termed "living off the land," ISRU is vital for future space exploration. Reducing payload mass from Earth is key, as it estimates mission costs. Since the 1970s, Martian carbon dioxide (CO2) discovery has driven ISRU research. CO2, comprising 95% of the Martian atmosphere, is a prime candidate. Various ISRU approaches for Mars, supported by reports and studies like NASA's Design Reference Mission 5.0, have emerged.

Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) demonstrates ISRU using Martian CO2, generating oxygen through solid oxide electrolysis. Developed by MIT and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MOXIE validates ISRU on Mars. It has potential applications in rocket propellants and life support for Mars missions, reducing costs and payload mass. This presentation introduces MOXIE and its Mars operations and outcomes since 2021.

This research also addresses fostering sustainable and equitable space resource governance. It evaluates existing policies, identifies gaps, and recommends strategies drawing from terrestrial governance experiences, offering a blueprint for managing space resources internationally, adapting to the evolving landscape of multinational exploration and ISRU activities.